Making leaves better for energy

tobacco by ellievanhoutte
Engineered tobacco plants have more potential as a biofuel:
[Via EurekAlert! - Biology]

(Thomas Jefferson University) Researchers from the Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories at Thomas Jefferson University have identified a way to increase the oil in tobacco plant leaves, which may be the next step in using the plants for biofuel. Their paper was published online in Plant Biotechnology Journal.

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I wrote a bit ago about using tobacco seeds for fuel. Here, they make the leaves a better source. They doubled the amount of oils that are in the leaves, making the plats much more suitable as a source for biofuels.

It would be pretty ironic if the tobacco industry came to our energy rescue.

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Still rely on snowpack as a reservoir

hood Hood by nosha

Yakima water plan moves forward
[Via All Today's News - Sightline Daily]

It’s full speed ahead on developing a plan to supply water for fish, farmers and cities in the Yakima River Basin in the decades to come. Three Central Washington counties – Yakima, Kittitas and Benton – have all now committed to continue the planning process after six months of work appeared on the verge of being scuttled.

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My previous post discussed changing rainfall patterns in the US over the next 80 years or so, with the Pacific NW getting large amounts in our mountains. Well, eastern Washington is already looking to manage water by filling reservoirs, etc. But I thought the last paragraph of the article was off somehow:

The three-county basin relies on snowpack — commonly referred to as the sixth reservoir — to supply early-season irrigation water. The five existing reservoirs hold less than half of what is needed annually.

Snowpack provides more than half the water needed annually. So they had better hope the snowpack does not disappear or that the glaciers on all the mountains remain. Otherwise that 6th reservoir will not be available.

I would imagine that they will simply build more reservoirs to hold the water. We may not be able to rely on cold weather holding our water for us but we can probably figure out ways to retain what we need.

[Listening to: Help Me Girl from the album "The Animals - Retrospective" by The Animals]

I got here first

rainfall in 2100

The Wizard turns on…
[Via Hot Topic]

Catching up with some of the stuff that got lost in the Copenhagen hubbub, this morning I stumbled on a major new effort to provide interactive climate data and visualisations — the Climate Wizard. This amazing tool is the web front end to a collection of temperature and precipitation data and model projections, and allows the user to create custom maps of climate change over the last fifty years, and projections for the 2050s and 2080s for three IPCC scenarios across 16 models. It provides state-level detail for the USA, but coarser regional and global maps for the rest of the world. It can also create ensembles of model projections on the fly:
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The wizard is a lot of fun to play with. The picture above shows what the models indicate the rainfall will be in the US in as this century ends. You can see 2 very dark blue bands indicating the areas of greatest precipitation in the US. They correspond with the Olympic and Coastal Ranges along the coast of Washington and the Cascade Range in the interior of Washington and Oregon. In fact, these models indicate that the precipitation in these areas will be greater than it was during the last 50 years.

Seattle, Portland and the Willamette valley are nestled between these two large sources of water. The Pacific Northwest could be in as important a position with regards to water usages in the US as Texas and California were with regards to oil in the 20th Century. Some parts of the Southeast also see some increase but the total number of inches is no where near what these two ranges get. And most of the Southwest would get much less water.

Only parts of the tropics will get this much rain.

One reason I moved to the Pacific Northwest 25 years ago was that I figured that it would be the only place along the West Coast that would not have to worry about water. Looks like the same could be true by the end of the century. Perhaps Washington state should be discussing its immigrant policy now.

Of course, this is based on the average of several models. That is it shows what things look like where half the models are better and half are worse. If we look at the ‘worst’ case model we get this picture of 2080:


rainfall-lowest.jpg

Still lots of rain out here. Not much elsewhere. I hope this model is way off because otherwise everyone will be moving here.

And don’t even look at the temperature changes. Eastern Washington in summer will be as hot as Houston is now. The Seattle to Portland area, though, still remains mild.

[Listening to: Who Will You Run To from the album "The Essential Heart [Disc 2]” by Heart]
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